βήλημα κώλυμα

βήλημα (i.e. ϝηλ-), ατος, τό,

A = κώλυμα, φράγμα ἐν ποταμῷ ([dialect] Lacon.), Hsch., cf. IG5(1).1390.104 ([place name] Andania).

Meaning: κώλυμα, φράγμα ἐν ποταμῳ̃. Λάκωνες H.

Origin: see εἴλω

Etymology: To Messen. ἤλημα. - From *Ϝέλ-νημα, s. εἴλω and ἁ̄λής.

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Grammatical information: n.

Meaning: prob. `protection', εἶλαρ νεῶν τε καὶ αὑτῶν (Η 338 = 437; Ξ 56 = 68, of πύργοι, and τεῖχος), κύματος εἶλαρ (ε 257, ῥῖπες οἰσύϊναι); H. also ἔλαρ βοήθεια.

Other forms: only nom. and acc.

Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [1161] *u̯eru- `defend'

Etymology: One thought of *Ϝέλ-Ϝαρ (with dissimilation *ἔλ-Ϝαρ?) as action noun. Perhaps from 1. εἰλέω, (Ϝ)έλσαι `press together', but this does not fit very well. Note βήλημα κώλυμα, φράγμα ἐν ποταμῳ̃ H. Nor to 2. εἰλέω `roll, wind'. - Schulze Q. 121, Bechtel Lex. s. v., Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 131, Porzig Satzinhalte 348. Blanc, RPh 70 (1996) 115f. proposes to derive the word from ϜελϜ-αρ, to ἔρυ-μα etc.; but the dissim. to λseems difficult Cf, Blanc BAGB 1 (1996) 4-5.

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `press together, draw together, fence in' (Hom.)

Other forms: Ep. Delph. also εἴλομαι in εἰλόμενος, εἰλέσθω(ν), Dor. El. Ϝηλέω, Att. sometimes ἴλλω, εἴλλω (cf. below), aor. ἔλσαι, ἐέλσαι (Ep.), med.-pass. ἀλήμεναι, ἀλῆναι, ἀλείς, perf. med. ἔελμαι, - μένος (Ep.), perfect preterite ἐόλει? (Pi., s. below); from there the new εἰλῆσαι, εἰλήσω, εἴλημαι, εἰλήθην (Ion. Hell.)

Compounds: With prefix ἀπ(ο-), e. g. ἀπο-Ϝηλέω (El.), ἐξ-, e. g. ἐγ-Ϝηληθίωντι (Her.) = ἐξ-ειληθῶσι, κατ(α)-, e. g. κατα-Ϝελμένος (Cret.), προσ- ( προτι-), συν-ειλέω, -( ε)ίλλω etc. with diff. shades of meaning.

Derivatives: Of the derivatives most have become formally and semantically independent: ἁλής, ἀολλής, ἐξουλή, ἴλη ( εἴλη), οὑλαμός (s. vv.). Further: βήλημα κώλυμα, φράγμα ἐν ποταμῳ̃ H.; i. e. Ϝήλημα, Mess. ἤλημα, κατ-, συν-είλησις `pressing together, what is pressed' or `what is drawn together' (Epicur. or Ael.), εἰληθμός ( εἰδ- cod.) συστροφή, φυγή H., προσείλημα ( κεφαλῆς) `turban' (Kreon Hist.; to 2?). From (Ϝ)ίλλω prob. Ϝιλσιιος gen. `adversity' (Pamphyl. IV^a); unclear ἰλλάς `pressed together (?)' (S. Fr. 70, E. Fr. 837), cf. on 2. εἰλέω; lengthened ἰλλίζει, s. ib. S. also on εἶλαρ.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1138] *u̯el- `press together'

Etymology: As the basis of εἰλέω, Ϝηλέω, to which belongs also ἀπελλεῖν (?, cod. - ειν) ἀποκλείειν H. (Aeol.), one may posit a nasal present *Ϝελ-νέω, which may be a variant of εἴλω \< *Ϝέλ-νω (Schwyzer 720; cf. also 693 w. n. 11, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 130). Beside it there is a reduplicated ἴλλω \< *Ϝί-Ϝλ-ω (mostly to 2., like ἰλλόμενος A. R. 2, 27, s. on 2.). (For εἴλλω vowelprothesis was assumed \< *ἐ-Ϝέλ-νω ( ἐ-Ϝέλ-ιω?; so Solmsen, s. below) which is now no longer possible, if not simply through (graphical) influence of εἰλέω. - The non-present forms were oirginally, as is to be expected, primary: aor. (Ϝ)έλ-σαι, perf. *(Ϝ)έ-(Ϝ)ολα in ἐόλει `(op)pressed' (Pi. P. 4, 233; coni. Boeckh)?, med. with secondary full grade (Ϝ)έ-(Ϝ)ελ-μαι, intr. aor. with zero grade (Ϝ)αλῆ-ναι; these forms were replaced by the innovations εἰλῆσαι etc. From the many IE words with an element u̯el-, only some Balto-Slavic formations can be considered as cognates of 1. εἰλέω. Thus Russ. válom `in mass', the instrumental of a noun * valъ (IE *u̯ōlos) with many derivatives, e. g. zavál `stoppage, blocking' (cf. Ϝήλημα); on the maning cf. esp. (Ϝ)άλις. An other instrumental in OCS Russ. velьmí `μεγάλως, very', from * velь (IE *u̯eli-). From Baltic: Lith. su-valýti `collect (grain), reap (together)'; further perh. Lith. veliù, vélti (with Russ. valjátь) `to full'; but see also on 2. εἰλέω. It is not always possible to distinguish εἰλέω `press (together)' and εἰλέω `wind'. - On the group see Solmsen Unt. 224ff., 285ff.; s. also Burdach NJbb. 49, 254ff.

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Meaning: κώλυμα, φράγμα ἐν ποταμῳ̃. Λάκωνες H.

Origin: see εἴλω

Etymology: To Messen. ἤλημα. - From *Ϝέλ-νημα, s. εἴλω and ἁ̄λής.

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